The virtualization or emulation of a computer system, usually Linux
Based on computer architectures and provide the functionality of a physical computer.
One or more virtual “guest” machines run on a physical “host” machine.
A system virtual machine(type 1):
A fully virtualized to substitute for a physical machine.
A system platform supports the sharing of a host computer’s physical resources between multiple virtual machines, each running its own copy of the operating system.
This virtualization process relies on a hypervisor, which can run on bare hardware, such as VMware ESXi, or on top of an operating system.
A process virtual machine(type 2):
allows a single process to run as an application on a host machine, providing a platform-independent programming environment by masking the information of the underlying hardware or operating system.
An example of a process VM is the Java Virtual Machine, which enables any operating system to run Java applications as if they were native to that system.